I just see the compass as a stand-in for all the senses that don't transfer well through a computer screen.

Whether that includes any mystical magical supernatural homin senses doesn't make much of a difference, though I've not seen any evidence in the lore that homins would have any such senses.
As for clock, I assume homins have some form of portable time-keeping devices. (Obviously not very accurate since it only gives the full hours.) And "Fair", "Rainy", "Thundery", "Snowy", well that's something you can see just fine with the naked eye.

If homins had portable versions of things like thermometers and barometers and hygrometers, I'd expect much more detailed weather data than that.
As an aside, the actual "weather" in Ryzom is just a humidity number between 0% and 100%. And then it's something like, between 0% and 40% the map says "Fair", between 40% and 70% it says "Rainy", and between 70% and 100% it says "Thundery" or "Snowy" (not the actual numbers). I've long hoped for some kind of tools or foraging skills that give us a more accurate status of the weather.